Causal model of an industrial platinum flotation circuit
The causal model of flotation was trained for the period 7 June 2019 to 2 July 2020, which is the same period as the J g sampling campaign. The resulting model was tested on a nine day period from 2 to 11 July 2020. Data sources used to derive the model are: (1) J g and d 32 from a manual APBS samples, (2) Z and u from the online camera ...
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Challenges Related to the Processing of Fines in the …
In order to increase the recovery of PGMs by flotation, it is necessary to optimise the liberation of the key minerals in which the platinum group elements (PGEs) are contained which include sulphides, arsenides, tellurides, and ferroalloys among others, while at the same time ensuring the optimal depression of gangue minerals. In order to achieve …
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Platinum (Pt) Ore | Minerals, Formation, Occurrence, Deposits
Platinum (Pt) is a rare and valuable metal that is widely used in various industrial applications due to its unique properties. Platinum ore refers to the naturally occurring rocks or minerals that contain significant concentrations of platinum, usually in the form of platinum group minerals (PGMs) and associated minerals. Platinum ore is …
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On the Management of Gangue Minerals in the Flotation of Platinum …
The Bushveld Complex of South Africa contains almost 90% of the world's reserves of platinum group minerals (PGMs). In the flotation of PGMs, there are significant challenges arising from the need to treat ever-decreasing grades of the relevant ore deposits. The major challenge in the flotation of these ore bodies is the control and …
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Flotation of Platinum Group Elements Ores: A Review
Platinum-group minerals are usually beneficiated by flotation or gravity separation followed by flotation. Due to poor liberation characteristics and interstitial attachment of these minerals with ...
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Flotation of Platinum Group Elements Ores: A Review
Platinum-group elements (PGE), gold, and silver have occupied a special position and considerable economic importance in the world's mineral history (Potts 1992). ... The present article critically discusses all the factors that affect the flotation of platinum group element bearing minerals, flotation routes, essential gaps, the problems ...
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Potential Processing Routes for Recovery of Platinum …
The achieved successes of PGM concentration by flotation from the pristine sulfide ores are largely due to the occurrence of PGMs in close association with base …
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Platinum & Palladium Ore Flotation Pilot Plant
About 4 pct of the platinum and 8 pct of the palladium values remained in the cleaner tailing. These data indicate that a technically feasible process for producing a …
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The Geological Occurrence, Mineralogy, and Processing by Flotation …
Russia and South Africa are the world's leading producers of platinum group elements (PGEs). This places them in a unique position regarding the supply of these two key industrial commodities. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative high-level overview of aspects of the geological occurrence, mineralogy, and processing by …
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Flotation of Platinum Group Elements Ores: A Review
The present article critically discusses all the factors that affect the flotation of platinum group element bearing minerals, flotation routes, essential gaps, the …
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Platinum Group Elements Mineralogy, Beneficiation, and …
An increase in the concentrations of both platinum and palladium cyanide in solution from 0.15 to 0.45 mg/L and from 0.40 to 1.2 mg/L respectively resulted in higher equilibrium loadings while the ...
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of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs)
concentration in the concentrate is less than ¿ 3% so that it does not negatively impact the ... A further problem when considering fine particle flotation is that the large specific ... The primary platinum group minerals (PGM) in the Merensky Reef are cooperite (PtS), braggite ((Pt,Pd)NiS), sperrylite (PtAs 2), and PGE alloys. While min-
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The valorisation of platinum group metals from …
Platinum Mile treats two separate streams – i.e. the UG2 concentrator stream and the UG2–Merensky mixed stream: via scavenger flotation. The Platinum Mile Merensky re-treatment circuit is similar to the WLRT configuration; however, ultrafine …
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(PDF) Effect of frother and depressant interaction …
concentration had no effect on recovery, suggesting that the ... The present article critically discusses all the factors that affect the flotation of platinum group element bearing minerals ...
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Trithiocarbonates for PGM flotation
Small replacements of C12-trithiocarbonate (C12-TTC) for dithiocarbonate (DTC) / dithiophosphate (DTP) in a reagent suite for the flotation of platinum-group metals (PGM) have significantly improved the rejection of gangue. Coupled to this, is an improvement in kinetics, grade and recovery of PGMs. In a pilot-plant trial, after a 5 mole percent ...
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Characterizing and recovering the platinum group …
The following briefly discusses several different ores: those amenable to gravity separation, those amenable to flotation, and those where platinum-group elements are by-products of base metal sulphides. ... Gravity concentration uses Knelson concentrators of various capacities to separate the noble-metal minerals. Bulk flotation …
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A review of the flotation of native gold and electrum
Their recovery by gravity concentration, cyanidation, or flotation from ores, typically containing 0.1–20 g/t Au is of great commercial importance. This paper reviews the literature on their recovery by flotation. ... Platinum, palladium and gold leaching from magnetite ore, with concentrated chloride solutions and ozone. Hydrometallurgy ...
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE …
Production of platinum and associated metals is a major source of revenue for South Africa. Significant losses occur in the concentrating stage (10 to 15 per cent) and this research is focused on optimising platinum flotation. Research begins by …
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Treatment of Platinum Flotation Products
A flowsheet for treating flotation concentrates produced from low-sulfide platinum-containing ores has been developed. It provides low consumption of cheap reagents, …
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Nano-Silica based mineral flotation frother: Synthesis and flotation …
Flotation of Platinum Group metals. ... On the other hand the concentration capacity decreased as nano-frother dosage increased. This is probably due to reasons explained earlier which have to do with high gauge material entrainment and high mass pulls. However, the conventional frother required higher concentrations for optimal …
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Minerals | Free Full-Text | Sulphate Removal from Flotation Process
Water chemistry is one of the most important parameters affecting flotation performance. Various types of ions can dissolve and accumulate in process water depending on ore mineralogy, reagent scheme, grinding medium and chemistry of mine site water. Sulfur-based ions (sulfate, thiosulfate, polythionate) are generally observed in …
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DOI: 10.1595/147106704X1667 Treatment of Platinum …
Fig. 4 Platinum metals recoveries into the chlorination solution as a function of HCl concentration (L:S ratio = 10, chlorination time = 2 hours) Fig. 3(a) The effect of roasting temperature on platinum and palladium recovery into chlorination solution (roasting time = 2 hours) Fig. 6 Effect of the chlorination time on platinum group
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(PDF) Effect of Alteration on the Mineralogy and Flotation Performance
The Pilanesburg Platinum Mines (PPM) operation in South Africa treats ore from an open pit and routinely suffers from low and erratic PGE flotation recoveries. This article investigates the effect ...
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presence of various concentrations of xanthate. Flotation behaviour of gold associated in the platinum group metals is apparently the same as that for the platinum group minerals (PGMs) or other minerals associated with the PGMs (i.e. nickel, pyrrhotite, copper and pyrite). Therefore, the reagent scheme developed for PGMs also recovers gold.
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Recovery of Platinum, Palladium, and Gold From …
platinum-group metals (PGM) and gold from Stillwater Complex flotation concentrate. The Stillwater Complex is the only major U.S. PGM re source. Development of a suitable extraction technique will contribute to its exploitation. The concentrate was roasted at …
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Novel Concentration Process for Platinum Group …
Kang, S., Ouchi, T. & Okabe, T.H. Novel Concentration Process for Platinum Group Metals in Automotive Exhaust Catalyst Using Electroless Copper …
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Mineral processing
Mineral processing - Concentration, Separation, Flotation: Concentration involves the separation of valuable minerals from the other raw materials received from the grinding mill. In large-scale operations this is accomplished by taking advantage of the different properties of the minerals to be separated. These properties can be colour (optical sorting), density …
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Potential Processing Routes for Recovery of Platinum …
The beneficiation of platinum group metals (PGMs) from pristine (unweathered) sulfide ores has conventionally been conducted through froth flotation, which typically achieves platinum recoveries of over 85%. The achieved successes of PGM concentration by flotation from the pristine sulfide ores are largely due to the …
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Platinum-Group Metal Ores
This chapter describes platinum-group ores and minerals and discusses how they are made into flotation concentrates enriched in platinum-group metals, different ores and …
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The Geological Occurrence, Mineralogy, and Processing …
Flotation of Platinum Group Minerals (PGMs) in South Africa and Russia Cyril O'Connor 1,* and Tatiana Alexandrova 2 Citation: O'Connor, C.; Alexandrova, T. The Geological ... mineralisation and PGE concentrations are found to be highly irregular, both in value as well as in distribution. The northern limb is partially covered by younger ...
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