Performance assessment and process optimization of a sulfur …
Introduction. Hydrogen sulfide produced in the refining industry is regarded as a hazardous pollutant due to its toxic and acidic nature (Khatami et al., 2016).In order to comply with international environmental regulations, sulfur recovery unit (SRU) plants convert hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur (Lavery et al., 2019; Mahmoodi et al., …
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Gas Processing
Whether onshore or offshore, UOP modular gas processing units are a fast, flexible and cost-effective solution to meet your gas processing needs. UOP is a proven industry leader with extensive modular gas processing equipment installations around the globe, including remote, hard-to-reach locations. UOP's modular units effectively remove ...
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Sulfur recovery, processing and handling
In sulfur recovery, processing and handling, our teams provide leading expertise and proprietary technology to convert molten sulfur into solid granules. Downstream, they also bring expertise in sulfur removal from …
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Oxidative Desulfurization of Real High-Sulfur Diesel Using …
From the perspective of pollution, economics, and product quality, it is very important to find an efficient way to minimize the sulfur content of petroleum products such as gasoline and diesel. In this work, an effective, inexpensive, and simple oxidative desulfurization system based on hydrogen peroxide activation by three dicarboxylic acids …
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Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors: January …
Finally, the sulfur xide is absorbed in a strong 98 percent sulfuric acid solution: SO3 H2O → H2SO4 (3) 8.10.2.1 Elemental Sulfur Burning Plants - Figure 8.10-1 is a schematic diagram of a dual absorption contact process sulfuric acid plant that burns elemental sulfur. In the Frasch process, elemental sulfur is melted, filtered to remove ash,
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END-TO-END SULPHUR SOLIDIFICATION SOLUTIONS
model (Figure 2). It is a single-pass process, which means there is no need for screens or recycle conveyors to send sulfur through the drum multiple times. The sulfur seeds (the small starting point of every sulfur granule) are created externally from the drum, which simplifies the seed generation process and allows wider flexibility with
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Sulfur recovery for gas processing plants
The titanium catalyst promotes organic sulfur hydrolysis to CO 2 and H 2 S. The recovery of sulfur in a two- or three-stage conventional Claus plant is thermodynamically limited. Typical Claus plant recovery efficiencies are 90%–96% for a two-stage converter plant and 95%–98% for a three-stage reactor plant.
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OSHA Technical Manual (OTM)
Pyrophoric iron sulfide results from the corrosive action of sulfur compounds on the iron and steel used in refinery process equipment, piping, and tanks. ... Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization Process. Hydrotreating for sulfur removal is called hydrodesulfurization. In a typical catalytic hydrodesulfurization unit, the feedstock is …
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Sulphur processing & handling
IPCO is a world leader in sulphur processing and handling, having delivered complete end-to-end systems to hundreds of companies around the globe since 1951. The company manufactures equipment for molten …
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Process Equipment for Steel Belts
Equipment. PROCESS EQUIPMENT IS ONE OF BERNDORF BAND GROUP'S EXPERTISE AREAS. It refers to the design, construction, installation and maintenance of steel belt solidification and cooling systems. The company offers a wide variety of Steel Belts and Belt Systems, which are custom-made to your requirements and specifications.
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Sulfur Mining & Processing: What to Know | General …
What is Sulfur Used For? Matches. Fireworks. Black gunpowder. Rubber vulcanization. Insecticides and fungicides. Medical …
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BACKGROUND REPORT AP-42 SECTION 5
EQUIPMENT DEMISTER Figure 2.2-1 Basic flow diagram of contact process sulfuric acid plant burning elemental sulfur. 5 In the Frasch process, elemental sulfur is melted, filtered to remove ash, and sprayed under pressure into a combustion chamber. The sulfur is burned in clean air that has been dried by
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An Effective Solution for Elemental Sulfur Deposition in …
The yellow or gray elemental sulfur deposits can happen in a variety of locations, such as filter elements, filter housing outlet nozzles, flow meters, control valves, pilot operated pressure safety valves, and inlet guide vanes of compression equipment. Cleaning these devices can be expensive and causes downtime and loss of production.
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Hydroprocessing
Catalytic hydrotreating is a hydrogenation process used to remove approximately 90% of contaminants, such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and metals, from liquid petroleum fractions. These contaminants, if not removed from the petroleum fractions as they travel through the refinery processing units, can have detrimental effects on the equipment ...
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Fertilizer Granulation Equipment & Systems
Founded in 1951 as the Fertilizer Engineering & Equipment Company, the name FEECO has become synonymous with fertilizer granulation expertise in every facet – from process development, to equipment design and fabrication, and even parts and service. From single nutrient products to complex fertilizers, our expertise starts in traditional ...
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Sulfur Mining | Processing Equipment | Flow Chart
Sulfur mining uses three different mining techniques: conventional underground methods, conventional open-pit methods, and the Frasch mining (or underground melting) method. In this process, hot water is …
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Sulfur Recovery | Lummus Technology
Sulfur Processing. Sulfur Recovery. Lummus Technology specializes in providing effective sulfur control and removal solutions to the global refining industry. Many refiners require additional Claus SRU capacity to meeting today's emission standards, but SRU expansion and additional construction can be costly. Lummus Technology's patented ...
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MANUFACTURE OF SUlfURIC ACID
Sulfur Melting Sulfur enters the process through a sulfur melter. The melter consists of a carbon steel tank set in the ground and equipped with steam coils. Solid sulfur is scooped into the melter from the pile by a tractor. Molten sulfur is pumped froM the melter to a burner. Solids which do not settle in the melter are removed by a filter ...
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Sour gas sweetening
Typical process equipment for sweetening sour gas with a regenerative solvent. A schematic drawing of typical process equipment for sweetening sour gas with regenerative solvent is shown in Fig. 1. The first vessel is the inlet separator, which performs the important function of separating the fluid phases on the basis of density difference ...
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Overview of Food Processing Equipment
Romina Ronquillo November 29, 2023. Food processing equipment is an umbrella term referring to the components, processing machines, and systems used to handle, prepare, cook, store, and package food and food products. Although this equipment is primarily aimed toward the transformation—i.e., increasing the palatability, …
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Sulphur Melting and Filtration
We engineer complete Sulphur melting and filtration systems to the strictest production and environmental requirements, with a typical turnkey project covering the entire process from the Solid Sulphur Feeding conveyors, …
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Sulfuric Acid technology
equipment and components Portfolio • Acid piping • Acid distributors • Direct and indirect acid coolers • Absorption towers • Pump tanks • Strainers At the heart of the sulfur combustion process is the Outotec LURO sulfur burner system. With more than 150 units installed worldwide since its introduction in 1964, we
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Process Analytical Systems and Equipment
Use our gas moisture and sulfur analyzers to successfully monitor sulfur emissions in process heaters and flares by petroleum refineries requiring compliance. ... Our silica analyzer helps protect your equipment from the costly effects of corrosion while drastically reducing the reagent consumption rate—reducing the overall cost of ownership.
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Sulfur recovery for gas processing plants
An SRU encompasses a set of processing units including an acid gas enrichment unit, a Claus unit, a tail gas treatment unit (TGTU), a sulfur degassing unit (DGS) and an oxidizing unit. FIG. 1 shows a block …
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Total Sulphur Analyser and Trace Sulphur Analyser in Oil …
Perform total sulphur analysis on liquid hydrocarbon fuel process streams with the Thermo Scientific SOLA II Sulphur Online Analyser. This proven field sulphur analyser addresses the need for a low-maintenance total sulfur and trace sulphur analyser that can reliably measure low ppm levels to help customers meet the tightening, Tier 3, regulatory …
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Sour gas
Sulphur is recovered from the aqueous solution as a moist cake. Typical Sulferox process equipment is illustrated in Fig. 4. In this process, the sour gas is contacted in a small contactor in cocurrent flow with a water solution containing about 4% ferric iron ions, held in solution by proprietary chelate ligand.
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Water Treatment Chemical Supply Chain Profile
Manufacturing Process . The majority of elemental sulfur produced in the U.S. is recovered as a byproduct of petroleum refining, natural gas processing, and the coking processes through a series of thermal and catalytic steps starting with oxidation of hydrogen sulfide. A series of oxidation steps burn hydrogen sulfide with oxygen to form ...
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Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of the Sulfur Combustion …
In industrial smelters, sulfuric acid is manufactured using the elemental sulfur in a series of three-unit operations: elemental sulfur oxidation, sulfur dioxide catalytic conversion, and sulfur xide absorption. The sulfur oxidation, which is the basic step in this process, is generally performed under a sulfur combustion furnace that ensures the …
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Sulfur Processing Operations during Startup, Shutdown, …
study of the startup, shutdown, and turndown operations of a refinery gas treating and sulfur processing train and focuses on changing demands placed on the process equipment. Introduction and Background Sulphur recovery units (SRU's) are designed to meet a specific set of targets given an initial set of
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Energies | Free Full-Text | Marine Exhaust Gas Treatment …
The corresponding value of CO 2 emissions for the refinery production process of low sulfur fuel is almost 10 kg CO 2 /GJ of fuel energy consumption . ... The manufacturers of scrubbing equipment faced with the corrosive effect of the SO x capture chemical substances in different ways. Some use nickel alloys, whereas others use …
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