Realising the circular phosphorus economy delivers …
Slow phosphorus regeneration via rock weathering and nutrient cycling, together with phosphorus losses through erosion and leaching, result in infertile soils over …
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Minerals | Special Issue : Recent Trends in Phosphate Mining …
However, high-grade phosphate reserves are known to decrease and the need to explore low-grade ores including waste rocks and tailings to extract apatite minerals is becoming more and more crucial. Also, many streams of waste are continuously produced by the phosphate industry: calcareous and siliceous waste rocks, clayey sludge and …
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The future distribution and production of global phosphate rock
Phosphate rock reserves. Phosphorus is the eleventh most abundant element in the earth's crust (Johnston and Steen, 2000), which contains around 5–10 × 10 8 million tonnes (Mt) of P (Brunner, 2010). Around 95% of this phosphorus is found as a calcium–phosphate mineral, known as apatite (Smil, 2000).
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Towards net-zero phosphorus cities | npj Urban …
For example, the Our Phosphorus Futures Report calls for governments to consider the '50:50:50' Goal; a 50% reduction in global phosphorus pollution and a 50% increase in the recycling of ...
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Environmental sustainability of phosphorus recycling …
2.1. Material flow of phosphorus model. We can distinguish three main steps in the phosphorus supply chain. The first step is the industrial stage, where phosphate ores are mined, and next processed applying the beneficiation process (Chen and Graedel, 2016; Koppelaar and Weikard, 2013; Scholz and Wellmer, 2015a).The second step …
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(PDF) P-RoC-Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by
The feasibility of phosphate recycling in the white phosphorus production process is discussed. Several types of materials may be recycled, provided they are dry inorganic materials, low in iron ...
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Recycling of phosphate tailings for an efficient
However, little attention has been given to the recycling of phosphate tailings to prepare hydroxyapatite-based adsorbents. As a byproduct of the floating of phosphate rock, phosphate tailing is one of the largest solid wastes in the phosphorus industry due to the low grade of natural phosphate rocks (Luo et al. 2017; Amar et al. …
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Pyrometallurgical Treatment of Apatite Concentrate with the …
Apatite is a common raw material both for the production of elemental phosphorus (P 4), as shown in Fig. 1, and for phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5), which is used primarily to produce phosphoric acid [1, 2].One possible production route for both products is via carbothermic reduction of apatite [].The high energy consumption of the …
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Global actions for a sustainable phosphorus future
Global actions for a sustainable phosphorus future. Will J. Brownlie, Mark A. Sutton, David S. Reay, Kate V. Heal, Ludwig Hermann, Christian Kabbe & Bryan M. …
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Recycling of phosphate mine tailings for the production
Recently, phosphate sludge, a fine by-product of the phosphate industry, has been used for the development of geopolymers [38] [39] [40]. This mining waste is generally dumped in tailings ponds on ...
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Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry
Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry (PDF) Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry | Willem Schipper, B. Potjer, and F. Kiestra - Academia.edu Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
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Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry
Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry. The feasibility of phosphate recycling in the white phosphorus production process is discussed. Several …
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Phosphate fertilizer from sewage sludge ash (SSA)
In the phosphorus process phosphate rock pellets are heated together with coke and SiO 2-pebbles in an electric resistance furnace to 1500 °C. Phosphate is reduced by coke leaving the furnace as P 4 gas, and SiO 2 forms a liquid slag which takes up Ca and impurities. The P industry has restricted the Fe content of phosphate feedstock to less ...
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Opportunities in Recycling Phosphorus
Granulation: A Key Technology in Recycling Phosphorus Granulation is a process used to transform organic materials (among others) into a dry, market-ready granular product. This technology is fairly established in the agriculture industry already; granulation mitigates many of the issues associated with raw manure, such as difficult handling ...
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Phosphorus: Reserves, Production, and Applications
1 Introduction. Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for life, our current food production system, manufacturing industries, and general economic growth (Withers et al. 2015 ). P is a key limiting factor for plant growth and is therefore one of the three main elements (N:P:K) in fertilizers. The demand for phosphate fertilizers has grown over ...
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Phosphorus recovery—recent developments and case studies
The economic feasibility is the main challenge, since the recycling of phosphorus products will become competitive in the market only when the phosphate rocks prices will reach about US$ 100/ton (Jupp et al., 2021). However, due to the decreasing quality of the natural reserves, the prices are expected to further increase, so …
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Phosphate Recycling in the Phosphorus Industry
Recycling phosphates from industrial sources is possible in many cases, depending on the source. The feasibility of phosphate recycling in the white phosphorus production …
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Recycled phosphorus fertilizer reduces nutrient leaching, …
Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate, a 5-22-0 [10 Mg] source) forms when magnesium is added to wastewater, where it reacts with phosphorus and nitrogen and pulls those nutrients out of the ...
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Development of Phosphorus Recycling in Europe and Japan
This chapter will explore whether the differences in the process development for phosphorus recovery and recycling and its implementation in Europe and Japan are linked to the waste flows and the regulative framework. ... Except the phosphate industry, manufacturing companies are barely motivated by concerns about the looming risk of P 4 ...
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Sustainable Phosphorus Measures: Strategies and …
While there is still much debate regarding the longevity of phosphate reserves, scientists and industry agree that there is a strong need for increased recycling and efficient use of phosphorus throughout the food system [7,8,9]. There is a need to systematically identify and compare measures that can deliver outcomes towards …
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Phosphorus recovery and recycling – closing the loop
There are examples of recycling of certain phosphorus compounds in small and self-contained cycles. The Wittig reaction, named after the chemist who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for its discovery, …
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Sustainable phosphorus supply by phosphorus recovery
Phosphorus is essential for agriculture and industry and is a non-renewable resource. In spite of such importance of the resource, high-grade phosphate rock deposits are rapidly being depleted and claim that economically available deposits may be exhausted entirely within a century. Therefore, finding alternative phosphorus resources is urgent …
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Phosphorus Microbial Solubilization as a Key for Phosphorus Recycling …
Although the phosphate content of waste streams is usually lower than the typical P 2 O 5 content of phosphate rock which is 30–40% (=13–17.5% P), it is necessary to start to apply the circular economy within the phosphorus fertilizers industry since the agriculture is the main recipient of phosphorus .
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Valorization of Bones to Liquid Phosphorus Fertilizer by …
Problem of decreasing resources of phosphate rock for phosphorus fertilizers production, can be mitigated by biological degradation of low quality substrates, performed by bacterial species able to produce mineral and low molecular organic acids. It was found that Bacillus megaterium was able to solubilize phosphorus incorporated with …
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[PDF] Global Phosphorus Scarcity and Full-Scale P-Recovery …
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for all life on earth. However, natural P resources (phosphate rock) are depleting. The authors describe the current situation and a forecast for future phosphate production and reserves. The current depletion of phosphate reserves and the increasingly stringent discharge regulations have led to the …
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A critical review of the typical by-product clean
The research on waste resources in the phosphorus chemical industry has been heated due to growing demands for phosphorous, which is an international strategic resource. It is estimated that the total reserves of phosphate ore are 69.5 billion tons worldwide in 2019 [1].
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Phosphate recycling in the phosphorus industry
Abstract. The feasibility of phosphate recycling in the white phosphorus production process is discussed. Several types of materials may be recycled, provided they are dry …
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Let's Make White Phosphorus Obsolete
Therefore, the question of long-term phosphate supply is perhaps of little consequence to the future of the phosphorus industry; moving to a circular phosphorus economy 49 through decreased usage, increased recycling, and engaging in less energy-intensive processing methods all provide significant benefits independent of global …
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Phosphorus recovery from wastewater and bio-based waste: …
2.1. Sources and forms of phosphorus in the environment. Phosphorus compounds discharged into the aquatic environment occur in dissolved, precipitated, or adsorbed form due to physical, chemical, and biological processes [].Most of the forms of phosphorus found in the environment are inorganic phosphates and organic …
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Electrochemistry Cracks the P–O Bond: Sustainable …
Elemental white phosphorus (P 4), a precursor for many phosphorus-containing commodity chemicals, is conventionally produced by thermal reduction of phosphate ores in an energy-intensive electrical furnace.In this issue of ACS Central Science, Yogesh Surendranath and co-workers establish electrochemical conditions for …
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