Water Retention Mechanism of HPMC in Cement Mortar
In this paper, the effect of HPMC (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether) on the cement mortar water retention (WR) and composition was studied. The relationship between the plastic viscosity and water retention of cement mortar was revealed. The results showed that HPMC formed a colloidal film with a 3D network structure in water, …
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Preparation and applications of hydrophobic
Microscopic structure of cement can be improved by incorporation of RD polymer powder. The polymer forms into the irreversible network during the cement hydrating process. The capillary in the close cement gelation can hold up water absorption and penetration. Thereby, improves the capability of water penetration resistance. 2.5.
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Recovery of Sewage Sludge in the Cement Industry
the ash of the sewage sludge is used as an additive to the cement, the pozzolanic activity is lower than that of the cement, determining a lower resistance and a high addition of water, which can be avoided by grinding the ash [27]. Figure 2. The amount of sludge generated in Romania [14]. 2. Chemical Properties of Sewage Sludge Ash 2.1.
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Water | Free Full-Text | Study on Improving the Water …
Drilling waste has a significant effect on the water quality and the aquatic environment. Therefore, the harmless solidification treatment of drilling waste mud is important in terms of protecting the water environment. However, traditional chemical solidification methods have some problems, such as wide area, high cost, and secondary …
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Coal utilisation in the cement and concrete industries
Abstract: The utilisation of coal in the cement and concrete industries takes three basic forms: 1. As a fuel in the production of cement clinker, 2. Ash produced by burning coal in power stations is used as a component in cement rotary kiln feeds, 3. Ash produced by burning coal in power stations is used as a mineral additive in concrete …
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Use of MRF residue as alternative fuel in cement production
An experimental test burn of 118 Mg of SRF in the precalciner portion of the cement kiln was conducted. The SRF was a blend of 60% MRF residue and 40% post-industrial waste products producing an estimated 60% plastic and 40% fibrous material mixture. The SRF was fed into the kiln at 0.9 Mg/h for 24 h and then 1.8 Mg/h for the …
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Sustainable application of calcium carbide residue as a filler …
Paddles were created using a single additive manufacturing process. The diameter of the nozzle was 0.8 mm, and the layer height was 0.1 mm. ... calcium carbide residue and its influence on cement ...
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Water Retention Mechanism of HPMC in Cement Mortar
1. Introduction. Cellulose ethers (CEs) are used to improve the workability of cement mortars while maintaining the water holding capacity and fluidity [1,2].HPMC is the most widely-used CE [].High water retention improves the cement hydration and limits the absorption of the mixing water by a substrate and thus provides good mechanical and …
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Solidification/Stabilization Technology for Radioactive …
The referred inter-locking fibrils bind various hydration yields and the cement into a hardened mass. The process of solidification using the Portland cement is most appropriate to inorganic wastes such as incinerator residue, heavy metal enclosing wastes and road wastes. ... the wastes are mixed with Portland cement and additives, which …
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Coking | IntechOpen
2.3.2.1 Process description of fluid coking. Fluid coking is a thermal cracking process consisting of a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed burner. A flow diagram is shown in Figure 5. Vacuum residue is preheated and fed to a scrubber that operates at 370°C above the reactor for coke fine particle recovery.
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Exploring agricultural waste biomass for energy, food and …
1. Introduction. Agriculture is the second-largest greenhouse gas (GHGs) contributor to the environment (19.9%) after the energy sector (68.1%) (Lamb et al., 2021) and generated a huge amount of solid waste (Kamusoko et al., 2021).Indiscriminate dumping and crop residue (CR) burning cause human and environmental health …
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Recycling plastics from automotive shredder residues: a review …
Automotive shredder residue (ASR) is an inevitable by-product of car recycling, i.e. removal of all liquids and hazardous or valuable components from the car and shredding of the hulk, followed by the recovery of steel, iron, and non-ferrous scrap. The European Union (EU) ELV Directive requires attaining higher recovery and recycling …
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A Review of Carbon Footprint Reduction in Construction …
2.1. Carbon Footprint of Limestone Quarrying. Limestone is one of the largest produced crushed rocks which is the basic component of construction materials, such as aggregate, lime, cement, and building stones for the construction industry [].The energy required for lime quarrying is associated with the machine fuel, diesel, and …
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Glycerin distillation residue treatment method
The invention discloses a glycerin distillation residue treatment method. The glycerin distillation residue treatment method sequentially comprises the following steps: adding an extracting agent to glycerin distillation residues, stirring and filtering out inorganic salt; distilling so as to remove the extracting agent; adding water for dilution, …
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Solidification/Stabilization Technology for …
The process of solidification using the Portland cement is most appropriate to inorganic wastes such as incinerator residue, heavy metal enclosing wastes and road wastes. The keeping of metals in the form of insoluble hydroxide of carbonate salts is assigned to the higher pH of the cement.
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Solidification of radioactive wastes by cement-based …
The main variables in cement solidification of waste include waste, type of cement, water-cement ratio, waste-cement ratio, admixtures (types and contents), admixtures-cement ratio. Among them, to select suitable cements and additives is the …
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Improvement of Soil-Cement with Chemical Additives
of sodium additives (i. e., mixtures of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfate) for all soil types were New Hampshire Silt, Wisconsin Sand 1, and Texas Clay 2. The properties of all seven soils tested are summarized in Table 1. Cement and Additives. Type 1 portland cement was used: Table 2 summarizes its properties.
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Applicability of sawdust as a green additive to improve the …
Drilling fluid is essential to oil and gas drilling operations due to its diverse functionality. But the most commonly used drilling fluid additives are hazardous chemicals and are not biodegradable. As a result, the demand for environment-friendly additives has been raised to replace the hazardous chemical additives. Considering the rising interest …
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Biomass conversion of agricultural waste residues for …
Agricultural waste residues (agro-waste) are the source of carbohydrates that generally go in vain or remain unused despite their interesting morphological, chemical, and mechanical properties. With rapid urbanization, there is a need to valorize this waste due to limited non-renewable resources. Utilizing agro-waste also prevents the problems like …
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Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue in Concrete as an Additive …
In this study, 10–50% of porcelain tile polishing residue (PPR) was used as an additive or as partial replacement of cement in concrete. The cement consumption was kept constant by correcting the amount of sand for each mixture. Concrete workability (slump) was reduced by up to 88.72% when PPR replaced the cement by up to 30%, …
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Experimental study on the behavior of waste marble …
The increase in the concrete demand due to the rapid industrialization and urbanization may lead to a shortage of natural resources. Therefore, the use of recycled material in the batching of concrete will be helpful to meet the demands of the time without compromising the quality of concrete production. One such waste material produced in …
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Concrete Admixtures
Concrete admixtures have various functions and they are as follows: (a) To increase the rate of strength development at early ages – calcium chloride is the most widely used accelerator, (b) To retard the initial setting time while pumping concrete over a long distance, (c To increase the workability without changing the water content ...
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The Utilization of Agricultural Waste as Agro …
Concrete, as the world's most implemented construction material, is increasingly being used because of the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. Limited resources and progressive …
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(PDF) The effect of counterion in lignosulfonates as oil-well cement …
To figure out the mechanism on how to reduce the creep value of oil well cement paste, effect of different additives, e.g., retarder, glass fibre reinforcement and CSA expansive agent on the creep ...
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Mix-Water as a Chemical Additive for Oil Well Cement …
study shows that, high quantity of mix-water in cement mixture (0.5 to 0.8) acted as a r etarding cement strength developing chemical additive, while lo w quantity of mix-w ater i n c ement m ...
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Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue in Concrete as an Additive …
In this study, 10–50% of porcelain tile polishing residue (PPR) was used as an additive or as partial replacement of cement in concrete. The cement consumption was kept constant by correcting ...
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Bauxite Residue/Red Mud | SpringerLink
Red mud waste residue management has been a continuing issue for review within the alumina refinery operations. With anywhere from 1 to 2.5 tonnes of red mud residue per tonne of Al 2 O 3 produced, the alumina producer must carefully consider the various options available to handle this material. The most common practice 75 years …
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Contribution to Understanding of Synergy between Red …
Red mud is a waste generated during Bayer's process of alumina production. ... it was hypothesised that using bauxite residue as an additive can improve the durability of concrete by increasing ... containing common SCMs, 5% limestone was added. Each mix was blended according to the standard EN 196-1 with a water to binder ratio of 0.5. The ...
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Hazard-Free Treatment of Electrolytic Manganese Residue …
A combined preparation of SO2 and recovery of solid products was investigated as a hazard-free method to use coke as a reducer to treat electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) at high temperature. In this study, the response surface prediction and thermodynamic analysis of the high-temperature calcination of EMR were …
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Effect of Limestone and Inorganic Processing Additions to Cement …
The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) is making several changes to concrete mix designs, using revisions to cement specification ASTM C150 / AASHTO M85 and ASTM C465 / AASHTO M327. These proposed revisions will enable the use of more sustainable materials for concrete pavements, overlays, and bridge decks. …
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