Biogeochemical dynamics of nutrients and rare earth elements (REEs
1. Introduction. Rare earth elements (REEs) - including the lanthanide series (La to Lu) and yttrium (Y) - are critical resources in modern technology (Dushyantha et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2021).As one of the main REE reservoirs worldwide, ion-adsorption REE deposits have been widely exploited in south China for decades (Bao and Zhao, …
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Rare Earth Elements: Where in the World Are They?
This infographic features data from the United States Geological Society (USGS) which reveals the countries with the largest known reserves of rare earth elements (REEs). What are Rare Earth Metals? REEs, also called rare earth metals or rare earth oxides, or lanthanides, are a set of 17 silvery-white soft heavy metals.
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Rare Earth Elements
Known as "the seeds of technology," rare earth elements (REEs) make today's emerging technologies possible – from the miniaturization of electronics, to the enabling of "green" and medical technologies, to supporting essential defense, telecommunication, and transportation systems. REEs have unique magnetic, phosphorescent, and ...
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Rare Earth Elements
Rare earth elements occur in many minerals but typically in concentrations too low to be refined in an economical manner; the concentration of REEs in the Earth's crust is estimated to be between 150 to 220 parts per million, which is higher than the concentration of other metals mined for industrial use, such as Cu or Zn. The concentration of ...
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Rare Earth Elements: What They Are And Why They Matter
Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of17 metallic elements essential in many modern technologies. Despite their name, they are not actually rare, but they are difficult to extract and refine.
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Rare Earth Elements | Department of Energy
Rare earth elements (REEs), which comprise of only 17 elements from the entire periodic table, play a critical role to our national security, energy independence, environmental future, and economic growth. Many advanced technologies have components made from REEs such as magnets, batteries, phosphors, and catalysts.
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Origin and distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) in the …
1. Introduction. Rare earth elements (REEs) comprise lanthanides as well as Y and Sc, with an identical electron configuration, comprising six shells, large ionic radii, and (III) oxidation states (Prego et al., 2009).REEs are typically divided into two groups based on their atomic number and mass: light REEs (LREEs: La to Eu) and heavy REEs (HREEs: …
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Molecular insights into rare earth element (REE)-mediated …
The rare earth elements (REEs) refer to a group of 15 lanthanide elements, scandium, and yttrium (Silva et al. 2019).However, despite what their name suggests, they are not all rare; rather, they represent the 15th most abundant component of the earth's crust (Emmanuel et al. 2010b), with an average concentration of 150–200 parts per …
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Novel process extracts rare earth elements from waste
Young-Shin Jun and her lab are extracting valuable rare earth elements (REEs) from coal fly ash, a fine, powdery waste product from the combustion of coal. The process is ultimately a path toward reducing and remediating waste products. ... Rare earth elements (REE), a group of 17 metallic elements, are in nearly every piece of technology ...
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How do we use rare earth elements? | American …
From the U.S. Geological Survey factsheet, "The Rare Earth Elements - Vital to Modern Technologies and lifestyles": "Rare-earth elements (REEs) are used as components in high technology devices, including smart …
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Distribution, source and behavior of rare earth elements in …
As tracers, rare earth elements (REEs) can reflect the influence of human activities on the environmental changes in aquatic systems. To reveal the geochemical behavior of REEs in a water–sediment system influenced by human activities, the contents of REEs in the surface water and sediment in the Chaohu Lake Basin were measured by …
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Review on E-waste Recycling: Part II—Technologies for Recovery of Rare
Rare earth elements (REEs) commonly referred to as 'Seed of Technology' have spread over the canvas of modern technology. Its consumption is increasing rapidly due to rising demand for smart electronics, energy-efficient lighting, catalyst, electric vehicles, and green energy sector. It is impossible to meet this growing demand of REEs …
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Human health risk assessment and geochemical mobility of rare earth
1. Introduction. Rare earth elements (REEs), which encompass the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium, have similar atomic radii and are predominantly trivalent (REE 3+), although Ce 4+ and Eu 2+ may occur in some environments (Aide and Aide, 2012).Having similar chemical characteristics, REEs may substitute for each other in …
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The story of rare earth elements (REEs): Occurrences, …
Rare earth elements (REEs) including fifteen lanthanides, yttrium and scandium are found in more than 250 minerals, worldwide. REEs are used in various …
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What are rare earth elements, and why are they …
The rare earth elements (REE) are a set of seventeen metallic elements. These include the fifteen lanthanides on the periodic table plus …
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An Updated Review of Toxicity Effect of the Rare Earth Elements (REEs
Rare earth elements (REEs) or "technology metals" were coined by the U.S. Department of Energy, a group of seventeen elements found in the Earth's crust. These chemical elements are vital and irreplaceable to the world of technology owing to their unique physical, chemical, and light-emitting properties, all of which are beneficial in ...
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Rare-earth element | Uses, Properties, & Facts | Britannica
rare-earth element, any member of the group of chemical elements consisting of three elements in Group 3 (scandium [Sc], yttrium [Y], and lanthanum [La]) and the first extended row of elements below the main body of the periodic table (cerium [Ce] through lutetium [Lu]). The elements cerium through lutetium are called the …
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Rare-earth elements | U.S. Geological Survey
The rare-earth elements (REEs) are 15 elements that range in atomic number from 57 (lanthanum) to 71 (lutetium); they are commonly referred to as the …
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Recycling rare earths: Perspectives and recent advances
Rare-earth element (REE) demand is expected to increase by a factor of up to 7 by 2040. Recycling avoids the significant hurdles associated with opening new mines, but collection and disassembly of REE-containing devices are barriers. Absolute and relative abundances of REEs and co-occurring constituents differ significantly in secondary …
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Mapping the Impacts and Conflicts of Rare-Earth Elements
Rare-earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 chemical elements considered critical for digitalization and for the energy transition. While called "rare", they are not in fact rare in the Earth's crust and can be found in many places. REEs have unique magnetic, optical and electronic properties that make them crucial (and difficult to ...
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Rare earth elements: A review of applications
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for many modern technologies and industries, but they also pose significant environmental challenges. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, exploration, analysis, recycling, and impact of REEs, as well as their applications in various fields. The article also compares and …
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Efficiently Harvesting Rare Earth Elements From
Rare earth elements (REEs) are a set of 17 metallic elements that possess similar chemical properties. They earned their name due to their scarce occurrence in the Earth's crust, typically present in concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 67 parts per million. These elements play a crucial role in modern technology, including products such as ...
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The story of rare earth elements (REEs): Occurrences, global
Rare earth elements (REEs) including fifteen lanthanides, yttrium and scandium are found in more than 250 minerals, worldwide. REEs are used in various high-tech applications across various industries, such as electrical and electronics, automotive, renewable energy, medical and defence. Therefore, the demand for REEs in the global …
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Rare Earth Elements (REE) | U.S. Geological Survey
In this time of increased focus on renewable energy technologies, rare earth elements (REEs) are of critical importance. For example, neodymium (Nd) is a REE …
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Occurrence of rare earth elements in water, sediment, and …
Two macro-groups of REEs are distinguished based on their atomic number: light rare earth elements (LREEs) from lanthanum to samarium and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) from europium to lutetium (Malhotra et al., 2020). The world availability of LREE is more abundant than that of HREE (Malhotra et al., 2020).
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The Rare-Earth Elements— Vital to Modern …
Rare-earth elements (REEs) are used in the components of many devices used daily in our modern society, such as: the screens of smart phones, computers, and flat panel televisions; the motors of computer drives; batteries of hybrid and …
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Rare earth elements from waste | Science Advances
Rare earth elements (REEs) are strategic resources in modern electronics, clean energy, and automotive industries ().Concentrated aqueous acid leaching of the REE minerals, followed by biphasic solvent extraction, has been the dominant scheme for REE mass production ().However, the resource- and pollution-intensive production has a large …
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REE
REE Periodic Table: The Rare Earth Elements are the 15 lanthanide series elements, plus yttrium. Scandium is found in most rare earth element deposits and is sometimes classified as a rare earth element. Image by Geology. ADVERTISEMENT. Table of Contents. What Are Rare Earth … See more
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Rare earth elements facts
Rare earth elements facts. Rare earth elements (REE) are a group of 15 elements referred to as the lanthanide series in the periodic table of elements together with scandium and yttrium. The last two elements exhibit similar properties to the lanthanides and are found in the same ore bodies. REEs are key components in many electronic …
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Characterization of rare earth elements present in coal ash …
The light rare earth elements (LREEs) were less inter-correlated than heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and desilication enhanced the leaching of LREEs more than that of HREEs. The ratio and type of the leaching acids both influenced the extraction of REEs from CFA: HCl and HF played important roles in the extraction from the untreated …
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